, price regulation should be accompanied by licensing arrangements that cap the number of experts in the market. Our theory … provide higher quality services to all consumers. The externality renders the market outcome inefficient. Price regulation … provides a novel rationale for the wide-spread use of price regulation and licensing in real-world markets for expert services. …

operator is allowed to enter the market or not, standard access regulation leads to broader infrastructure coverage than co-investment …We introduce a model of asymmetric competition where two network operators with different investment costs may build an …

incentives to invest in network infrastructure. To this end, we develop a theoretical model explaining investment incentives by … regulation and recently imposed fiber access regulations. Our main finding is that more stringent access regulations for both the …