We designed a natural-field experiment in the context of local public transportation to test whether rewards in the …

welfare is reduced is that punishment can express anger about free-riding. If this is the case, then tools that regulate … aggression. In this lab experiment, we find that adopting an objective attitude (Objective), through a form of emotion regulation …

engage in punishment. Analyzing the interplay between types in an additional experiment, we show that pro-social punishers … punishment as well as their relative importance for mitigating social dilemmas. Using a novel strategy-method approach we … identify individual punishment patterns and link them with individual cooperation patterns. Classifying N = 628 subjects along …

systems exist that avoid these costs and whether other, more centralized, punishment systems are superior and will be … preferred by the people. Here, we show that welfare-enhancing peer sanctioning without much need for costly punishment emerges … quickly if we introduce two relevant features of social life into the experiment: (i) subjects can migrate across groups with …

preferred by the people. Here, we show that welfare-enhancing peer sanctioning without much need for costly punishment emerges … quickly if we introduce two relevant features of social life into the experiment: (i) subjects can migrate across groups with …. The exogenous removal of the norm consensus opportunity reduces the efficiency of peer punishment and renders centralized …