Extremist activities and violence in the centres of conflict in the Sahel (i.e. Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger) are … moving south towards the four countries of interest of this paper (Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Senegal and Togo). At the time of … humanitarian disaster is in Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso, impacts on focus countries may be transmitted through economic links (e …

the quantile treatment effects for Niger, Togo and Mali, based on very informative data, comparable across these countries … contract teacher programme in the three countries. In Mali and, to some extent, in Togo, the contract teacher system works more … same time, we also observe clear differences between the countries. We find that, overall, effects are positive in Mali …

the quantile treatment effects for Niger, Togo and Mali, based on very informative data, comparable across these countries …