scores among upper secondary school students from poor backgrounds. The identification strategy is the random allocation into … secondary school. An important policy implication is that a well-targeted scholarship program should be complemented with a …

This paper estimates the causal effect of vocational high school (VHS) education on employment likeli-hood relative to … general high school (GHS) education in Turkey using census data. To address non-random selection into high school types, we … variable. The first-stage estimates suggest that the availability of VHS does not affect the overall high school graduation …

The central vs. local nature of high-school exit exam systems can have important repercussions on the labor market. By … high-school grades is indeed 6 percent when obtained on central exams but less than 2 percent when obtained on local exams …