Since 1990, not only the number of signed preferential trade agreements (PTAs) has increased, but also their depth. That means, PTAs include comprehensive rules, which go way beyond tariff reductions, such as property rights, competition or investment provisions. This paper argues that...

Against the background of a changing landscape of trade and investment governance in the 21st century, characterised by the proliferation of deep preferential trade agreements (PTAs), this paper econometrically tests the importance of global value chain trade and regulatory differences in...