To assess the likely effects of population ageing on the outcomes of direct democracy, we analyze the effect of age on voting decisions in public referenda. To this end, we provide the first quantitative review of the literature and a case study of the Stuttgart 21 referendum on one of the...

Eine höhere Entlohnung von sportlich aktiveren Arbeitnehmern konnte in den letzten Jahren bereits mehrfach nachgewiesen werden. Diese wurde u. a. auf eine höhere Durchsetzungsfähigkeit sowie auf bessere soziale Fähigkeiten zurückgeführt. In diesem Beitrag wird mit Daten des...

Nach dem Vorbild börsennotierter britischer Vereine wird es auch deutschen Profifußballvereinen in absehbarer Zukunft möglich sein, sich in Aktiengesellschaften umzuwandeln. Der anschließende Börsengang soll dann den nach den jüngsten Entwicklungen im Profifußballbereich gestiegenen...

This paper examines how professional athletes can optimize commercial revenues from endorsement and sponsorship agreements throughout their careers. We use athlete brand management, defined as the balancing of brand building and brand selling activities, to understand the dynamics of commercial...

The purpose of this paper is to understand and explain why some professional sports organizations outsource their sponsorship-related activities to sports marketing agencies whereas others purposely retain these activities in-house. The paper applies the Resource-Based View (RBV) and Transaction...

This paper develops a framework for illustrating why sponsored sports entities, the "sponsees", often struggle to achieve their sponsorship-related goals to maximise sponsorship income, to satisfy their sponsors, and to create positive image or brand effects through the sponsorship. Based on a...

This study examines whether there are gender-specific differences in regard to physical attractiveness of professional tennis players and their performance. For this purpose, the top 100 male and female tennis players of the tennis world ranking in 2014 are examined. Athletic performance is...

The choice of centralizing tourism policies at the national level or, on the contrary, of decentralizing them at the local level is widely discussed in the literature, which highlights the related pros and cons. In fact, the simultaneous role of originator and attractor of tourism of each...

In diesem Beitrag werden erstens positive Zahlungsbereitschaften für sportliche Erfolge der deutschen Mannschaft bei den Olympischen Winterspielen 2014 in Sotschi untersucht und zweitens die positive oder auch negative Zahlungsbereitschaft für die Austragung Olympischer Spiele in Deutschland....

Religious tourism and tourism in general helps in the development and intensification of social and cultural relations. The issue of religious tourism comes under the general and sustainable development of alternative tourism, special interest and respect for holy places. Religious tourism is an...