This paper examines the impact of marine ecosystem quality on inbound coastal tourism in the Baltic, North Sea, and Mediterranean countries. Given extensive empirical findings in ecological science, we use marine protected areas (MPAs) and the fraction of species that are shed in each country's...

The socioeconomic impacts of coastal tourism depend on local communities' participation in tourism activities and gathering both positive and negative consequences. However, an understanding of the socioeconomic impacts is essential for making proper strategic efforts for its sustainable...

From a welfarist perspective, Willingness to Pay (WTP) is relevant only as a proxy for individual preferences or utilities. Much of the criticism levied against the WTP criterion can be understood as saying that WTP is a bad proxy for utility – that WTP contains limited information about...

In 2021, the Biden Administration issued mandates requiring COVID-19 vaccinations for U.S. federal employees and contractors and for some healthcare and private sector workers. Although these mandates have been subject to legal challenges and some have been halted or delayed, rigorous appraisal...