Fifty years ago, China sent more than 16 million urban youths aged 16-19 to rural villages to work and they spent …

China hosts the world's largest secondary education sector: more than 14 million adolescents enrol in secondary … how these two streams compare in the country. Using 2013 China Household Income Project data, we estimate the returns to …

China has become a major player in sovereign lending towards Africa during the past two decades but has recently been … between China and Western creditor countries contribute to preventing effective global sovereign debt management under the … self-interests but is not yet well-understood. • Debt settlements under the Common Framework that involve China are less …

Guofan during the Taiping Revolution in China between 1850 and 1864. In their main results, the authors demonstrate that …

interdependencies into public focus. In particular, economic ties with the People's Republic of China are increasingly being scrutinized … on Chinese inputs since the outbreak of the war and firms' plans regarding their supply relationships with China. …

differed considerably between China and Western countries during the last two decades. While Chinese lending mainly served its …-understood. While China lent to African countries with richer resources, lower risk of default and higher willingness to pay for credit … from China, Western countries and multilateral organizations to African countries, I empirically examine a broad variety of …

In 2020, local governments in China began issuing digital coupons to stimulate spending in targeted categories such as …