, and a hierarchical mechanism team output is allocated by a team leader. Our experiment examines these mechanisms in both … productivity. Our results are robust to whether teams are homogeneous or heterogeneous. We find that output is higher when a leader … allocated by a leader, they tend to restrict the leader's power to distributing less than half of the pie. …

A leader of an organization may view a subordinate as threatening or weakening the leader's position. The threat may … increase with the subordinate's ability and reduce the rents the leader wins. In particular, a leader who trains his … subordinate reduces the cost to the owner of a firm in replacing the leader, and so reduces the leader's bargaining power. The …

instruments are used, namely personnel planning and leadership. This article is dedicated to a selection of such instruments …. Beyond selected relevant basics of personnel planning and leadership, this article introduces hierarchical personnel planning … and the conception of fuzzy rule systems for the selection of appropriate leadership styles. …