From its foundation as a private corporation in 1694 the Bank of England extended large amounts of credit to support … the British private economy and to support an increasingly centralized British state. The Bank helped the British state … recalibrated financial data to analyse an evolving trajectory of connections between the British economy, the state, and the Bank …

history of honesty and a high level of central bank independence. According to our respondents, the Federal Reserve is the … most credible, transparent and independent central bank out of seven large central banks. The ECB is not perceived as …