This paper analyzes patent pools and their effects on innovation incentives. It is shown that the pro …-competitive effects of patent pools for complementary patents naturally extend for dynamic innovation incentives. However, this simple … case, the licensing fees reflect the strength of patents. Patent pools of complementary patents can be used to discourage …

We compare patent litigation cases across four European jurisdictions – Germany, France, the Netherlands, and the UK … information at the case, litigant, and patent level for patent cases filed at the major courts in the four jurisdictions. We find …

We formally analyze the effects of legal presumptions in patent litigation. We set up a novel contest model to study … the patent is valid; a presumption that the patent is invalid; no presumption regarding validity. Our findings reveal that … there is high uncertainty about the patent's objective merit …