to determine the (perceived) risk in the face of which oil and mining firms determine their level of investment in …

established risk-coping arrangements to ensure sustainability while striving to eradicate poverty. It is shown that introducing … an effective instrument to encompass also the poor with an affordable risk-coping mechanism and are thus highly promoted … insurance may have unintended side effects. In particular, it might affect traditional risk-sharing arrangements where income …

savings equation derived from a lifecycle model featuring income uncertainty using survey data for Dutch households, with … the estimated displacement effect of pensions on private savings towards zero. …

(2005). We extend it by unemployment risk using Markov chains to model the transition between different employment states … systems as those established in the EU are able to offset the negative impact of unemployment risk on the portfolio …

. By stimulating labor demand, hiring subsidies reduce unemployment risk and precautionary savings. This increases the … more at the zero lower bound than it does during normal times. Central to this result is a precautionary savings channel …