The purpose of this paper is to measure and analyse how intensively CIS countries apply nontariff barriers (NTBs) to restrict foreign trade in regard to certain products and total trade. Five CIS countries were selected for this analysis, in particular Ukraine, Russian Federation, Moldova,...

The CIS countries' EU-related interests are very heterogeneous. The countries themselves differ not only in terms of their geopolitical and geo-economic situations, and how those affect their relations with the EU, but also in their levels of ambition in relation to the Union, as well as their...

The separation of security and economic objectives in foreign policy, which was often sought in international political issues in the past, has outlived its usefulness. The transition to a more power-based order can be felt around the world. International economic instruments and agreements are...

Industrial policies in the EU have markedly shifted towards 'horizontal' measures and framework polices. The sustained de-industrialisation of several European economies and a general perception that countries with a strong manufacturing base emerged from the crisis in a strengthened position...

This essay suggests that there is a need for a Catalytic Industrial Policy (CIP) aimed at maximising positive outcomes on three axes at the same time - the green, the digital and the social - in order to speed up their realisation. Respective investments need to be guided in the desired...

Die Vieh- und Fleischwirtschaft trägt erheblich zum wirtschaftlichen Wachstum im Nordwesten Deutschlands bei. BeobachterInnen gehen aber davon aus, dass ihr sektorales Wachstum in Zukunft durch Ressourcenknappheit und eine stärkere Regulierung der Viehdichte sowie anderer Produktionsaspekte...

Im deutschen Sprachraum spricht man vom "Mittelstand" - international wird dagegen der KMU-Begriff verwandt. Aber beschreiben beide Begriffe dasselbe Phänomen? Dieser Beitrag analysiert die Begrifflichkeiten von Mittelstand und KMU sowie die Begriffe, die grundlegend für das Verständnis des...