between exchange rates and prices, showing that there is at most a moderate decline in exchange rate pass-through for the euro … of euro area exports to exchange rate changes may have declined somewhat as a result of globalisation, reflecting mainly … exchange rates on GDP and the potential role of valuation effects as a transmission channel in the case of the euro area. …

The euro is the second most important global currency after the US dollar. However, its international role has not … increased since its inception in 1999. The private sector prefers using the US dollar rather than the euro because the financial … the attractiveness of the euro outside the euro area requires, among others, a proactive role for the European Central …

) indicators of the euro. This framework yields two sets of indicators - (i) one nominal and several real EER indices against a … narrow reference group of euro area trading partners based on different price and cost deflators; and (ii) a nominal and a … industrial and newly industrialised euro area partner countries, while the broad group is made up of 38 trading partners …

This paper reviews the economic, monetary and financial relations between the EU and the euro area and a set of …, some common features can also be identified. One of these common features is the fact that the euro area is their largest … assistance; meanwhile, from a euro area perspective, while these countries account for a somewhat smaller share of external trade …

The paper provides an analysis of the euro area money and bond markets and their infrastructure since the introduction … of the euro. Significant development in terms of integration took place in both markets in general to a various degree … but apply more generally to euro securities infrastructure, identifies fields where further action is required. This …

their intentions for participation in ERM II and the adoption of the euro. The paper examines the economic rationale of the … euro area – on the patterns of economic dynamics in acceding countries. Other aspects covered are the risks for external …

This paper analyses the main features of the market for euro-denominated bonds issued by non-euro area residents on the … the internationalisation of the euro since 1999, more than sovereigns in transition and emerging economies, whose part was … initially expected to be stronger. It confirms that the euro’s international role is characterised by a strong regional focus …