The aim of this report, which has been prepared by a Task Force of the Monetary Policy Committee of the Eurosystem, is to describe and analyse the main developments in labour supply and its determinants in the euro area, review the links between labour supply and labour market institutions,...

Diese Studie untersucht, ob Unternehmen, die während der Pandemie innovativ waren, besser durch die Krise gekommen sind als nicht-innovative Unternehmen und ob krisenbedingte Anpassungen dauerhaft sind oder mit dem Abklingen der Pandemie wieder zurückgenommen werden. Es zeigt sich, dass die...

This paper seeks to disaggregate concerns about energy security within the wider European neighbourhood from the nation-state to the household, and particularly to poor households in the transition and developing economies of the former Soviet Union. It argues that two decades of...

Inhalt: 1 Grundsätzliche Überlegungen. 2 Arbeitsmodelle. 2.1 Das Modell "Doppelmandat". 2.2 Das Modell "Contracting aus dem Erwachsenen-Ich". 2.3 Das Modell "Widerstandstypologie" mit fünf Widerstandstypen. 2.4 Das Modell "50-Prozent-Regel". 3 Conclusio. 4 Literatur.

Benjamin W. Arold prepared this study while he was working at the Center for Economics of Education at the ifo Institute. The study was completed in March 2022 and accepted as doctoral thesis by the Department of Economics at the LMU Munich. It consists of four distinct empirical essays that...

Pietro Sancassani prepared this study while he was working at the Center for Economics of Education at the ifo Institut. The study was completed in March 2023 and accepted as a doctoral thesis by the Department of Economics at the LMU Munich. It consists of four distinct empirical essays and...

The Labour party has proposed a package of policies to remove tax exemptions from private schools. Most importantly in revenue terms, it has proposed levying VAT on private school fees. The revenue raised would then be used to increase state school spending and would be targeted at pupils from...

In this report, we present the first evidence on how the cohorts of young people who entered the labour market during the pandemic have fared up to now. In Section 2, we discuss why we might expect the pandemic to lead to scarring effects, documenting how labour market outcomes evolved over the...

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted many aspects of children's lives, with impacts on their social and emotional development as well as their educational attainment. School closures increased social and emotional difficulties (Blanden et al., 2021); lack of contact with friends and extended family...