Pension schemes have a significant influence on the saving and consumption decisions of households. Similarly, contributions to pension arrangements are substantial expenditures for national governments and also for corporations, depending on the prevailing pension system. Beyond this, pension...

Die äußerst günstigen Finanzierungskonditionen hatten in den 2010er Jahren einen wesentlichen Anteil daran, dass die Bruttostaatsschuldenquote in Deutschland nach der Weltfinanzkrise merklich zurückgeführt wurde. Die Autoren stellen fest, dass es jedoch keineswegs klar ist, wie lange die...

Im Jahr 2020 publizierte das Bundesfinanzministerium den 5. Tragfähigkeitsbericht zur Staatsverschuldung in Deutschland für den Zeitraum bis 2060. Ausgangspunkt ist die zutreffende Erkenntnis, dass die von der Alterung der Gesellschaft abhängigen Kostensteigerungen auf lange Sicht über der...

Roughly two years into the economic recovery from the COVID-19 crisis, the topic of elevated inflation dominates the economic policy discourse in the United States. And the aggressive use of fiscal policy to support demand and incomes has commonly been singled out as the culprit. Equally as...

As the euro area has a predominantly bank-based financial system, changes in the composition and strength of banks' balance sheets can have very sizeable implications for the transmission of monetary policy. This paper provides an overview of developments in banks' balance sheets, profitability...

This paper addresses the lack of reliable information about overnight interest rates in the Norwegian interbank market. We infer actual interest rates from interbank transactions recorded in the real-time gross settlement (RTGS) system of Norges Bank over the period October 2006 - November 2010....

We study whether the level of household indebtedness is related to the interest rate elasticity of private consumption. Looking at Finnish aggregate data, we find no robust evidence of increased interest rate elasticity of private consumption even as the household sector's debt-to-income ratio...

Since 2022 the European Central Bank and Danmarks Nationalbank have increased their key monetary policy rates at a record pace. This study shows that the pass-through to retail rates has been stronger in Denmark than in the euro area so far. Interest rate fixation periods are shorter in Denmark,...