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The aim of this report, which has been prepared by a Task Force of the Monetary Policy Committee of the Eurosystem, is to describe and analyse the main developments in labour supply and its determinants in the euro area, review the links between labour supply and labour market institutions,...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011606239
This paper analyses the challenges that high public debt and ageing populations pose to medium-term growth. First, macroeconometric model simulations suggest that medium-term growth can benefit from credible fiscal consolidation, partly through reductions in sovereign risk premia. Second, a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011606317
This study analyses financial sustainability of the Finnish public sector. Current tax rates are unlikely to yield sufficient tax revenue for financing public expenditure under an ageing population. In the base alternative we assume that the European crisis does not worsen and that productivity...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012037623
We study the use of pension funds in the Finnish earnings-related pension system with the aim of smoothing contributions over time under demographic and economic risks. Smoothing is affected by the revisions in long-term forecasts and is thus imperfect. As a partially funded defined-benefit...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012037710
Given rising life expectations around the world, it seems that old-age pension benefits will need to be cut and pension contributions boosted in many nations. Yet our research on old-age system reforms does not require raising mandatory retirement ages or contributions. Instead, we offer ways to...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011674526
-term horizon, the gap between the income which households expect to receive at retirement and the income which pension schemes are …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012609501
Die weltweite Finanzkrise hat zu einem starken Einbruch der wirtschaftlichen Aktivität geführt. Davon waren in Deutschland vor allem der Export, aber auch die Unternehmensinvestitionen betroffen. Übertreibungen im Immobiliensektor oder eine übermäßige Verschuldung, die anderenorts eine...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011489827
education and working hours, the income of the self-employed actually is much worse in comparison to paid employees who also …We analyze the situation of self-employed receiving means-tested benefits in Germany. A severe loss of income is the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012002665
on the description of the middle income and income distribution of self-employed in comparison to employees. The results … graduates are significantly higher among solo self-employed than among employees. Statistics on personal net income show that … income of the solo self-employed (average: 1,681 €, median: 1,489 €) is well below the average income of the self …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012052732
are household equivalent disposable in-come, household consumption, and wealth. Subsequently we use the Income and … Expenditure Survey (Einkommens- und Verbrauchsstichprobe (EVS)) for Germany since 1993 to compare inequality across income … income and income more une-qually than consumption. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014459462