Rund sechs von zehn Selbstständigen erzielen nach Einkommensteuerdaten Gewinneinkünfte von weniger als 10.000 € im Jahr. Eine Vielzahl dieser Personen kann jedoch auf zusätzliche eigene Einkünfte zurückgreifen oder es wird durch einen Partner bzw. eine Partnerin weiteres Einkommen...

Aging societies face a fundamental challenge: How to represent future oriented policies in the politics of today? Voting age reforms and, more generally, policies that encourage the participation of the youth in politics are discussed as one solution. In this report, we study whether voting age...

The paper presents new results on within-country regional inequality in per capita income for 36 countries during 1995-2005; focusing on Europe but with some non-European countries included for comparison. In 23 of the 36 countries there was a significant increase in regional inequality during the...

Implementation of the European internal market and East-West integration has been accompanied by a dramatic change in the spatial distribution of economic activity, with higher growth west and east of a longitude degree through Germany and Italy. In the east, income growth has been accompanied...

The paper analyses economic inequality in Croatia in comparison with other transition economies of Central, East and Southeast Europe. It comprises a literature review and a descriptive analysis as well as an econometric modelling exercise. The main findings are the following Over the entire...

The paper explains a curious redirection of economic policies that uses the policy framework of Kalecki and Keynes only to undermine it. It does not negate their theory of demand management, but reformulates it to serve the powerful interests of finance in the era of financial globalisation. As...

The ongoing energy transition is a process of moving away from fossil fuels towards the use of sustainable, renewable energies in all sectors of the economy and answer the question to what extent households are influenced along the journey. The spectrum of the energy transition begins with...

This paper documents methodology underlying the construction of the integrated data base for our study on "Wer trägt die Steuerlast in Deutschland? - Verteilungswirkungen des deutschen Steuer- und Transfersystems" (Who bears the tax burden in Germany? - Distributional Analyses of the German tax...

This report examines how household incomes were changing in the UK up to the eve of the COVID-19 pandemic, and how other measures of household living standards have changed over the course of the pandemic. In particular, we use the latest official data covering years up to 2019-20 to provide a...