The European Union Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS) has been implemented to provide a common climate policy instrument across European Union countries, to contribute to a credible investment perspective for low-carbon investors and support further European integration of energy markets. Thus the...

We first discuss different rules for pricing and provision of balancing across EU member states and their implications. Some member states face significant transmission constraints inside their pricing zone(s). In principle, this can be avoided with smaller pricing zones and in some instances...

Der Anteil der Solarenergie an der Stromversorgung in Deutschland hat sich rasant entwickelt, von weniger als einem Prozent in 2008 auf 5,7% in 2014 (AG Energiebilanzen, 2015). Die große Kostendegression in dem Zeitraum zog starke Vergütungssatzsenkungen nach sich (Fraunhofer Institut für...

The study aims to identify suitable regulatory frameworks and business models for transmission investment to enable international exchange and local use of renewable energy across the EU and MENA regions. The analysis explores how policy frameworks can support the realization of individual...

In den vergangenen Monaten sind die Regelungen zur Entlastung von der EEG-Umlage für viele Industrieunternehmen zunehmend in die Kritik geraten, da sie die Stromkosten für die 'nichtprivilegierten' Verbraucher erhöhen und als zu pauschal empfunden werden. Die Autoren der Studie haben -...

Long‐term energy contracts have featured prominently in many decisions of the European Commission to support the opening of the electricity markets. Contracts were seen to foreclose the market hence the Commission comprehensively unwound pre‐existing long‐term contracts and formulated...

Current EU short-term market designs for electricity face several challenges in (i) securing efficient system operation (ii) unlocking the full potential of flexible resources and (iii) fostering effective use of transmission capacity. For a gradual reform of market design and to guarantee...

Decarbonization goals of the European Commission foresee different future scenarios for the European power market of which all are exceeding 60% renewables in the power system.3 High shares of intermittent renewable sources require significant changes to the physical system and impact the...