The first part of the study compares the institutional settings of employee representation and collective bargaining in France and Germany. One important difference is that in France, many aspects of collective agreements are defined by labour law, whereas in Germany, collective bargaining...

This study presents a comparative analysis of regulatory thresholds applicable to firms in France and in Germany. A central question tackled by the report is whether regulations related to limits on firms’ employment appear to prevent French firms from growing above these thresholds. The first...

Employment and activity rates in the new EU Member States (NMS) declined significantly up to the early 2000s and started to increase along with strong GDP growth thereafter. Job losses following the outbreak of the economic and financial crisis varied substantially across countries and have not...

Im Gesetzentwurf vom 28. Mai 2014 wird die Einführung eines flächendeckenden gesetzlichen Mindestlohns damit begründet, dass die Beschäftigten vor unangemessen niedrigen Löhnen geschützt würden. Gleichzeitig werde dafür gesorgt, dass der Wettbewerb zwischen den Unternehmen nicht zu...

This report describes the migration patterns of Romanian migrants in Italy before and after the accession of Romania into the European Union (EU). The findings and the main results presented throughout the report were collected by carrying out a survey in three main cities of Italy Milan, Turin...

Wie sind die Einkommen und Vermögen in Deutschland verteilt? Auf diese so scheinbar einfache Frage gibt es oft keine einfache Antwort, manchmal nicht einmal eine eindeutige. Verschiedene gesellschaftliche Veränderungen wie die alternde Bevölkerung, die Tendenz zum Alleinleben oder der...

The aim of this report, which has been prepared by a Task Force of the Monetary Policy Committee of the Eurosystem, is to describe and analyse the main developments in labour supply and its determinants in the euro area, review the links between labour supply and labour market institutions,...

If the responses of wages - both private and public - and of pensions to an increase in inflation lead to second-round effects, this can make an inflationary shock more persistent, especially in the presence of automatic wage and pension indexation. This occasional paper presents an overview of...

Der Preisniveauschock ab 2021, der vor allem durch den Krieg in der Ukraine ausgelöst wurde, stellt die Lohnpolitik vor schwierige Herausforderungen. Theoretische und empirische Überlegungen zeigen, dass für alle Arbeitnehmer eine Überwälzung der Wohlfahrtsverluste, die durch die...

This note examines the extent and patterns of structural changes that have occurred in European economies during the recent crisis using some stylised facts on changing output and employment struc-tures at detailed sectoral level. Focusing mainly on the new EU member states, we compare the...