Europe trails the global frontier of productivity growth and the region's trend is sluggish. Much prospective economic growth for Europe is likely to come from AI and its adoption by European firms which is projected to shoot up the productivity trend. For such AI-generated growth to work, high...

Trotz eines stetigen Anstiegs der Anzahl von selbstständigen Frauen in Deutschland hat sich der sogenannte Gender-Gap kaum verringert. Die vorlie-gende Studie untersucht auf Basis des Nationalen Bildungspanels (NEPS), ob bzw. inwieweit familienbedingte Erwerbsunterbrechungen, die aus...

Ostdeutschlands Regionen stellen als Bindeglied zwischen dem westlichen Europa und den mittel- und osteuropäischen Ländern für die Regionalforschung ein interessantes Forschungsobjekt dar. Hierbei ist es von herausragendem Interesse, inwieweit sich die ostdeutsche Abwanderung nach...

This study focused on two primary areas: 1. To determine what can be learned from biotech and drug development companies that suffered from financial problems and ultimately failed at the beginning of the 21st century. 2. To determine how intellectual capital developed in accordance with such...

Human capability is one of the four aspects of wealth in the Treasury's Living Standards Framework. Combined with the other three aspects - the natural environment, physical and financial capital, and social cohesion, it underpins both current and future wellbeing. Human capability is defined as...

Benjamin W. Arold prepared this study while he was working at the Center for Economics of Education at the ifo Institute. The study was completed in March 2022 and accepted as doctoral thesis by the Department of Economics at the LMU Munich. It consists of four distinct empirical essays that...

Pietro Sancassani prepared this study while he was working at the Center for Economics of Education at the ifo Institut. The study was completed in March 2023 and accepted as a doctoral thesis by the Department of Economics at the LMU Munich. It consists of four distinct empirical essays and...

The Labour party has proposed a package of policies to remove tax exemptions from private schools. Most importantly in revenue terms, it has proposed levying VAT on private school fees. The revenue raised would then be used to increase state school spending and would be targeted at pupils from...

In this report, we present the first evidence on how the cohorts of young people who entered the labour market during the pandemic have fared up to now. In Section 2, we discuss why we might expect the pandemic to lead to scarring effects, documenting how labour market outcomes evolved over the...

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted many aspects of children's lives, with impacts on their social and emotional development as well as their educational attainment. School closures increased social and emotional difficulties (Blanden et al., 2021); lack of contact with friends and extended family...