This paper examines the motives behind foreign direct investment (FDI) in a group of four CIS countries (Ukraine, Moldova, Georgia and Kyrgyzstan) based on a survey of 120 enterprises. The results indicate that non-oil multi-national enterprises (MNEs) are predominantly oriented at serving local...

This study was undertaken by the EIB Economics Department. The study assesses the financing needs of the SMEs in the Neighbourhood countries that have signed Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area agreements with the EU. In particular the study addresses the needs of the intermediaries that...

The report assesses the macro-financial situation in Georgia. This study explores the private sector financing environment, in particular for the SMEs segment. It examines the needs and obstacles of SMEs in accessing finance as well as the institutional and legal environment they operate in. We...

Konnektivität, besonders im Transportbereich, ist mit Blick auf den Südkaukasus während der letzten Jahre zu einem allgegenwärtigen Thema avanciert. Auch in der EU-Politik vis-à-vis der Region spielt Transportkonnektivität eine zentrale Rolle. Im Rahmen ihrer Global-Gateway-Initiative hat...

Connectivity, especially in the transport sector, has become a ubiquitous issue in the South Caucasus in recent years. Transport connectivity also plays a central role in the European Union's policy towards the region. As part of its Global Gateway Initiative, the EU has made a commitment that...