The paper provides an analysis of the euro area money and bond markets and their infrastructure since the introduction … of the euro. Significant development in terms of integration took place in both markets in general to a various degree … but apply more generally to euro securities infrastructure, identifies fields where further action is required. This …

) indicators of the euro. This framework yields two sets of indicators - (i) one nominal and several real EER indices against a … narrow reference group of euro area trading partners based on different price and cost deflators; and (ii) a nominal and a … industrial and newly industrialised euro area partner countries, while the broad group is made up of 38 trading partners …

quasi-fiscal rescue operations can undermine this consensus and lead to a disintegration of the Eurozone. There are also …

2008. This paper discusses the main mechanisms behind the global downturn in trade and its impact on euro area exports and … competitiveness. It finds that the euro area was hit particularly hard by the contraction in global demand. Moreover, the collapse in … the demand for euro area products during the downturn was exacerbated to some degree by unfavourable developments in price …

This paper analyses the impact of the global financial crisis on euro area cross-border financial flows by comparing … significant changes in the composition of euro area cross-border portfolio flows, as investors shifted from equity to debt … crossborder financial activity may have a major bearing on growth prospects for the euro area and may also matter from a financial …

The euro is the second most important global currency after the US dollar. However, its international role has not … increased since its inception in 1999. The private sector prefers using the US dollar rather than the euro because the financial … the attractiveness of the euro outside the euro area requires, among others, a proactive role for the European Central …

The inquiry into the global significance of the euro, which is the second most important currency in the international …'s strategic autonomy. The main obstacles impeding the further internationalisation of the euro include the lack of a sovereign … behind it and the heterogeneity and structural problems of the euro area member states. The international status of the euro …

The destructive potential of the sovereign debt crisis of the euro area has been slowly abating since last summer, but … euro area, and the other being an erosion of trust in the viability of the euro area itself. Such concerns have led to talk … the crisis or the future of the euro area. While the crisis is a traumatic wake-up call, it is also a catalyst for change …

eminently. The euro has proven credible both in the countries that officially adopted it and in the countries that adopted it … facilitate the accession of willing EU members to the euro by relaxing the ERM II conditions. …