Greece, Portugal and Spain face a serious risk of external solvency due to their close to minus 100 percent of GDP net negative international investment positions, which are largely composed of debt. The perceived inability of these countries to rebalance their external positions is a major root...

The onset of the financial crisis in 2008 has highlighted the problems of diverging external imbalances within Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) and the role of persistent losses in competitiveness. This paper starts by investigating some of the competitiveness factors which contributed to...

Die große wirtschaftliche Abhängigkeit von China ist spätestens nach den militärischen Drohgebärden Pekings gegenüber Taiwan als gravierendes Problem erkannt und soll möglichst bald reduziert werden. Das Gegenteil fand jedoch im ersten Halbjahr 2022 statt. Die deutschen...

China's exchange-rate policy has been under attack in the last years, especially in the United States. Now the critique of Beijing's policy is coming from Europe as well, and Chinese authorities are accused of boosting its own export, at others expense, by keeping its currency below its real...

In der argentinischen Währungskrise ist erstmals ein Currency Board System zusammengebrochen. Die Arbeit zeigt auf, warum diese Art des Währungssystems eingeführt worden ist, warum sich zunächst große Erfolge einstellten und warum sie schon den Keim des Scheiterns in sich trugen. Zunächst...

At present, carbon footprint labelling is at the heart of debates on the environmental impact of products, but there are other environmental criteria related to the sustainability of products that could also have an impact on developing countries' exports in the future. Furthermore, this issue...

In May 2004 ten new members are incorporated to the European Union (EU) which, considered on the whole, represent a GDP which is four times greater than the Argentine GDP. With this expansion, the EU population will increase by 24%, its surface will increase by 28%, and the GDP will increase by...