Germany has suffered an inflationary shock broadly commensurate with that of the Euro Area as a whole, with energy …

Ukraine and the heavy increases in energy prices made things worse and brought inflation to over 10%. The government did not … coming years. A stronger use of regulatory measures and direct public involvement in the energy, housing and potentially the … food price sector might be required if the current energy supply crisis and the transformation to a low carbon economy …

recovered. As elsewhere in the Euro Area, energy inflation has been the main driver of the Greek headline inflation and we … market concentration) with its impact on electricity costs, and the elevated indirect taxes on energy. Inflation has had a … going to great lengths to mitigate the impact of energy inflation on households and companies and to limit its rise …

The Russian attack on Ukraine in February 2022 shook continental geopolitics and led to a major shift in EU energy … policy. The necessary speed of the combined diversification away from the Russian energy sources, fossil fuel phase-out and … mass scale-up of low-carbon energy and technologies are having a tremendous impact on European national economies and …

fifteen-fold, with severe impacts for households and businesses. The crisis is also creating liquidity problems for energy … have introduced measures at retail level, while others have introduced windfall-profit taxes on energy companies. Some … countries have provided emergency liquidity to energy companies facing soaring collateral costs. Some energy companies have even …

the back of high energy prices. If the EU were to ban imports of energy from Russia, or if Russia itself limits or stops …

energy-related developments. Second, the introduction of granular sectoral dynamics and energy-specific considerations by … the euro area private sector and on the financial system, using a granular dataset that combines climate, energy …

reliance on oil and gas exports and increasing debt burdens, and to plan for a timely and just energy transition that is …