erforderlich. Die expansive Geldpolitik der EZB begünstigt gegenwärtig tendenziell Investitionen treibhausgasintensiver Unternehmen … werden, die allgemeine Wirtschaftspolitik zu unterstützen, sollte die Europäische Zentralbank (EZB) zeitnah klimapolitische …

The Bank of England, the Federal Reserve (Fed) and the European Central Bank (ECB) have responded to the crisis with … exceptional initiatives resulting in a major increase in their balance sheets. After the ECB's end-2011 launch of three-year bank … differences remain: the Bank of England and Fed have mostly relied on large-scale purchases of government bonds, while the ECB has …

ECB's monetary policy to bring inflation up close to 2%, and that the instrument employed for QE is one of monetary policy … democracy under German constitutional law can actually provide the standard by which the ECB is to be measured, and how tight … judicial review could be exercised over the ECB without encroaching upon its autonomy in monetary policy matters - and thus …

The paper provides an analysis of the euro area money and bond markets and their infrastructure since the introduction … notably regarding the bond market which lags behind in terms of liquidity, market completeness and overall size compared to … the US corporate bond market. Analysis of the barriers to integration, which do not seem to be specific to these markets …

The ECB has ended its net purchases of bonds. As a result, the ECB will no longer dampen volatility in the euro area … bond markets to the same extent. This may lead to greater volatility in the Danish mortgage bond market. In recent years …, banks have reduced their market-making capacity in the mortgage bond market, which may affect their ability to dampen …

stress in the Norwegian foreign exchange and bond markets, and how policy measures were used by Norges Bank to alleviate …