raise capital from an investor. A noisy accounting signal that is correlated with the prospects of the investment and thus … entrepreneur who can exert costly effort to improve the project profitability. An auditor observes an ex ante accounting signal …, the less the regulator prefers to conservative reporting. In contrast, when agency costs increase, accounting policy …

string firms, on average, break their earnings string patterns because they ran out of accounting flexibility. However, there …

ANR's relation with the proxies of other accounting constructs is consistent with theory, and that ANR's sensitivity to … investors, creditors or auditors. I find that ANR relates in expected ways with multiple proxies of accounting reliability, that …

.To support the proposed theory, I conduct an empirical study using a dataset containing 3130 firm-year employee stock option …