capabilities to support urbanization in Africa. However, South African companies have been relatively unsuccessful at exporting …

Although Africa has experienced rapid urbanization in recent decades, we know little about the process of urbanization … severely restricted in their choice of location and many were forced to live in homelands. Following the abolition of apartheid … they were free to migrate. Given a migration cost in distance, a town nearer to the homelands will receive a larger inflow …

role of urbanization, coal consumption and CO2 emissions as additional variables to avoid omitted variable bias. The … a driver of economic advancement. The empirical study shows a bidirectional causal effect between urbanization and …

in homelands. Following the abolition of apartheid they were free to migrate. Given gravity, a town nearer to the … homelands can be expected to receive a larger inflow of people than a more distant town following the removal of mobility …

Although Africa has experienced rapid urbanization in recent decades, we know little about the process of urbanization … severely restricted in their choice of location and many were forced to live in homelands. Following the abolition of apartheid … they were free to migrate. Given a migration cost in distance, a town nearer to the homelands will receive a larger inflow …