Russian gas in Northern Germany however will have a sustained impact on the roles of the other import pipelines, investments …

theory to capture port technology, with tools from demand estimation. We use our framework, together with a collection of … unveils three policy-relevant messages: (i) investing in port infrastructure can lead to substantial trade and welfare gains …) there are sizable spillovers across ports, as investing in one port can decongest a wider set of ports, suggesting that …

facilities built before the industrial revolution (about 1850 in Germany) can be seen as an adequate instrument for current port … of the higher transportation demand in prospering regions. In this paper, we analyse the long-run effect of port … facilities on regional income levels in Germany. Since it is very likely that the “reversed causality” problem applies to our …