The European railway industry continues to undergo reform and liberalization due to European law incentives. Recent events in Italy give the country a special place in this process: a new competitor has commenced operations in the high-speed rail (HSR) market based on a private initiative. This...

The political unification of Italy in 1861 led to the establishment of a single market, by removing the trade barriers across the pre-existing states, with a single currency. Market integration was the economic outcome of this process. At the same time, the Kingdom of Italy started a large...

Mit der zum 1. Januar 1994 in Kraft getretenen Bahnstrukturreform wurde der Bahnbetrieb in Deutschland in eine private Rechtsreform überführt. Die neugegründete Deutsche Bahn AG (DBAG) wurde in die Sparten Fahrweg, Güterverkehr, Personenfernverkehr und Personennahverkehr unterteilt und von...

Transformation Towards a new Public Administration of the Network UtilitiesDuring the 1980s and 1990s privatisation and deregulation movements have been shaken up the European network industries-telecommunication, electricity and railways. These reforms did affect also those parts of the public...

In the last decade the industrial landscape and regulatory structures of the network industries such as telecommunications, energy and rail transport, have undergone a profound transformation. Liberalization has fragmented the former natural monopoly sectors; new players with new preferences...

The provision of utilities for all at an affordable price has long been regarded as a prerequisite for everyday life, generally guaranteed by the state. But in recent years, publicly-owned utilities throughout Europe have come under increasing fire for their poor performance - their lack of...