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The majority of the world's poor, by income poverty and multi-dimensional poverty, now live in countries officially … classified by the World Bank as middle-income countries. Of course nothing happens when a country crosses a (somewhat) arbitrary … first is that the thresholds used to classify countries by the World Bank and extensively used by aid agencies, albeit with …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009752790
The Gender Kuznets Curve (GKC) hypothesis argues that economic development has a non-linear effect on the female share of workers. There is, however, growing debate on the exact shape of this non-linear relationship. The aim of this paper is to test the GKC hypothesis in order to determine...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010126816
whether this implies the end of the historical two-cluster world rather than merely a transition as some people move from the … the world's richest 1 per cent, while just a modest amount of redistribution would have ended $2 poverty. If the share of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010251665
Several studies have examined the relationship between environmental degradation and economic growth. However, most of them did not take into account financial developments and institutional quality. Moreover, Stern (2004) noted that there are important econometric weaknesses in the earlier...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011523651
Gender relations are a key institution governing important aspects of production and reproduction of societies. They are guided by formal institutions as well as informal norms and values. As this survey shows, there is great regional heterogeneity in gender inequality in formal and informal...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011518240
The paper investigates the situation of middle-income economies around the world. Since 1965, only 18 economies with a …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010501267
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009611843
This paper argues that openness to goods trade in combination with an unequal distribution of political power has been a major determinant of the comparatively slow development of resource- or land-abundant regions like South America and the Caribbean in the nineteenth century. We develop a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011450834
This paper does three things. First, based on a limited number of theoretically established dimensions, it proposes a new de facto indicator for the rule of law. It is the first such indicator to take the quality of legal norms explicitly into account. Second, using this indicator we shed new...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011406570
Slow onset climate change has the potential to cause significant migration flows. Scientists have recently made considerable efforts to quantify these flows based on empirical methods. However, the literature on international migration has failed to come to a clear conclusion as many studies...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012550033