probability and the severity of punishment with reference to planned criminal activities. There are, however, also unplanned …

of punishment. This paper presents the first controlled experiment to study a third important factor that has been mainly … will be punished is dissolved and the timing at which the punishment is actually imposed, as well as the combination …: either no delay (immediate resolution and immediate punishment) or maximum delay (both resolution and punishment as much as …

force of punishment, yet when treated fairly, some subjects (17%) exhibit status-seeking behavior. Moreover, students …

irrespective of punishment and therefore have a lower demand for a costly punishment institution than groups of like-minded free … riders, who are unable to cooperate without punishment. We also predict that the difference in the demand for punishment is … cooperative groups to avoid wasting resources for an unneeded punishment institution. In uncooperative groups, it helps members to …

Research examining the effect of weak punishment on conformity indicates that punishment can backfire and lead to … of social norms and their interplay with weak punishment in the context of a trust game. Across six conditions, we … systematically vary the combination of existence of weak punishment and norm information. Norm information may refer either to what …

This paper experimentally investigates whether risk-averse individuals punish less if the outcome of punishment is … is played; Certain Punishment in which the prisoner’s dilemma game is followed by a punishment stage allowing subjects to … decrease the other player’s payoff by 2 Euros; and Uncertain Punishment in which subjects could decrease the other player …

We conduct a prisoner’s dilemma experiment with a punishment/reward stage, where punishments and rewards are risky …