Causal inference in the empirical sciences is based on counterfactuals. This paper presents the counterfactual account of causation in terms of Lewis's possible-world semantics, and reformulates the statistical potential outcome framework and its underlying assumptions using counterfactual...

Research on happiness has produced valuable insights into the sources of subjective well-being. A major finding from this literature is that people exhibit a baseline happiness that shows persistent strength over time, and twin studies have shown that genes play a significant role in explaining...

In recent economic literature, there has been an increasing interest in modelling preferences as endogenous. Some arguments go along the lines that institutions shape preferences. This paper suggests that adopting a more substantive concept of preferences furthers our understanding of how they...

Strong forces lead to a withering of academia as it exists today. The major causal forces are the rankings mania, increased division of labor in research, intense publication pressure, academic fraud, dilution of the concept of 'university' and inadequate organizational forms for modern...

In this paper we investigate how the expulsion of a player influences the outcome of a football match. Common sense implies a negative impact for the affected team. However, an old football myth suggests that such an expulsion might also be beneficial since it increases the team spirit as well...

In this paper we investigate how the expulsion of a player influences the outcome of a football match. Common sense implies a negative impact for the affected team. However, an old football myth suggests that such an expulsion might also be beneficial since it increases the team spirit as well...

Im Rahmen der (hochschul-)politischen Diskussion über die Unterschiede zwischen Universitäten und Fachhochschulen werden letzteren häufig zwei Defizite vorgehalten: - Eine geringere Wissenschaftlichkeit der Ausbildung und - ein Defizit in der Forschungstätigkeit. Vergleichsweise neu in...

Der Gegenstand dieser Arbeit ist, die unterbrechungsgesteuerte Informationsverarbeitung an einem einfachen Anwendungsbeispiel zu erläutern, damit sie im Unterricht des Studienganges Wirtschaftsinformatik in kurzer Zeit behandelt werden kann. Diese Art der Informationsverarbeitung steht...

Einer der häufiger geäußerten Vorbehalte gegenüber Fachhochschulen ist deren geringe Forschungsaktivität. Verknüpft wird diese Äußerung dann mit einer Vielfalt weiterer Vorurteile wie einer geringeren Wissenschaftlichkeit der Ausbildung und einer ungenügenden Qualifikation der...