these analytical methods of measuring chronic and transient poverty. Furthermore, the study also examines the sensitivity of … importance of pers istent and transient poverty are sensitive to the type of poverty measure used and the poverty line specified …. In particular, the relative importance of transient poverty increases dramatically as the poverty line decreases or as …

With the improvement of people's living standards all over the world, the demand for cooling (both space cooling and … refrigeration) continues to grow. The increase in cooling-related energy consumption has a growing impact on global climate change …. The importance of improving the energy efficiency of cooling systems is increasing. This paper introduces a series of …

Lack of cooling and cold-chain access is a critical development challenge that has significant implications for people … cooling appliances will be sold every second by 2050, universal access to cooling is expected not to be a reality even at this … rate of growth, leaving poor and vulnerable populations to suffer the consequences. The global demand for cooling is …