panel difference-in-differences estimations and an event study design. Motivated by the claim that China and Russia … purposefully undermine US sanction efforts, we test whether target countries' trade with China and Russia increases under US trade … sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned …

panel difference-in-differences estimations and an event study design. Motivated by the claim that China and Russia … purposefully undermine US sanction efforts, we test whether target countries' trade with China and Russia increases under US trade … sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned …

panel difference-in-differences estimations and an event study design. Motivated by the claim that China and Russia … purposefully undermine US sanction efforts, we test whether target countries' trade with China and Russia increases under US trade … sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned …

2021. Russia's invasion of Ukraine raised new concerns about national security and the exposure of supply chains to … geopolitical risk. This was followed by demands to diversify away from "non-friendly" countries and to the employment of trade …