. Second, the use of cash in crime, here especially in corruption, is also econometrically investigated. The influence is …

. Second, the use of cash in crime, here especially in corruption, is also econometrically investigated. The influence is …

. Using a large annual panel of African countries with a time series of 25 years, ours results show that when the corruption … rate is above (below) a threshold of 1.3577, economic growth reduces (increases) informal economic sector. The corruption … proxy is measured as a decreasing function of corruption such that higher levels of the corruption proxy translate lower …

corruption. On the one hand, if we assume that the goal of criminals involved in corruption is to minimize the probability of … being detected, then corruption represents a demand for money laundering (trigger effect), while money laundering can serve … as an effective way to clean the revenue from corruption for re-investment (multiplier effect). On the other hand …

reform through its anti-corruption strategies. The Philippines may thus finally be on the cusp of what Acemoglu and Robinson … continued increases in productivity and sustaining economic growth. However, focusing solely on anti-corruption for its sake may … enforcing against anomalous transactions. What may be a optimal strategy is to treat anti-corruption as part of a larger overall …