Languages use different systems for classifying nouns. Gender languages assign nouns to distinct sex-based categories …, masculine and feminine. We construct a new data set, documenting the presence or absence of grammatical gender in more than 4 …-country relationship between prevalence of gender languages and women's labor force participation and educational attainment. We replicate …

Reference to gender in language can lead individuals to draw distinctions between genders and re-inforce traditional … views of gender roles. To test our hypothesis that language gender-marking exerts an influence on the gender gap in … at the individual level. We find the gender gap in the probability of owning a formal account, having access to a formal …

are consistent with the theoretical possibility that gendered language activates gender schemata in the minds of speakers …This study establishes the influence of sex-based grammatical gender on gendered violence. We demonstrate a … statistically significant relationship between gendered language and the incidence of intimate partner violence in a cross …

We conducted a controlled experiment to study how different gender frames used in the instructions affect economic … gender-inclusive form. Participants played three standard economic two-player games measuring prosocial behavior. In … differently if their self-reported gender matched the grammatical gender used in the instructions. The results reveal that the …

We present experimental evidence from a bilingual city in Northern Italy on whether the language spoken by a partner in …, but that the gap between cooperation among in-group members and cooperation towards children speaking another language is … considerable and increasing with age. This gap is due to both, in-group favoritism and language group discrimination. …

attainment, whereas the presence of sex-based grammatical gender, and its association with gender bias, has a significant adverse …

This study explores sex differences in language and socio-emotional skills on children 7 months to 6 years old in Latin …

especially those with limited English language skills and recent data suggest that North Carolina has the 8th largest ELL student …. Rather, it is the limited English language skills of some of these students that leads to small, negative peer effects on …