Chinese‐Japanese hatred (utilizing visual imagery), antagonism and guanxi are reviewed in exploring their impacts on outcomes … (see model). Etymological research is attempted using English, Japanese and Chinese words, characters and pictograms that … Japanese, the author conducted some field research in Harbin, China. The continuing Chinese angst against Japanese is explained …

/methodology/approach The study adopted a descriptive design and compared data from 301 Japanese and Western adventure tourists who experienced … similarities and differences. Findings The results indicated that Japanese tourists attached more importance to emotional value and … value perceptions between Japanese and Western tourists when planning tour operations, training tour guides, and managing …

in trade invoicing from the perspective of importers, then empirically analyze it using Japanese export data. Design … capacity. The empirical results of Yen's use in Japan's exports justifies the model's conclusion and shows that commercial … empirically for the first time; and reasonably explains the development of currency invoicing in Japanese exports and contemporary …