consumer welfare. We show that both types of trade barriers reduce (increase) the number of exporting (pure domestic) firms … effect for the tariff. Welfare falls when fixed export costs increase and increases for small tariffs and falls for large … tariffs, i.e. there exists a welfare maximizing tariff.  …

Abstract This paper shows that vertical foreign direct investment will reduce prices but the aggregate welfare effect …

welfare. We show that both types of trade barriers reduce (increase) the number of exporting (pure domestic) firms. However … the tariff. Welfare falls when fixed export costs increase and increases for small tariffs and falls for large tariffs, i ….e. there exists a welfare maximizing tariff.  …

It may be optimal from a welfare perspective to use R&D subsidies when the source of R&D distortions originates from …, and duplication externalities are absent. Hence, R&D subsidies may constitute the welfare maximizing policy even when …

their numbers fell quite unevenly on cities and regions. In the United States welfare is not exclusively a federal … responsibility. In principle, 50 states share welfare responsibilities with the federal government, but in reality five heavily … impacted states bore three-quarters of the nation’s immigration-related welfare burden. Additionally, legal and illegal …

children may be most at risk. In 2002, only 5 million people received cash welfare under TANF, while more than 30 million …

intervention that transfers a given surplus to producers, the socially optimal income redistribution, and the social welfare from …