in SAARC countries. Design/methodology/approach – Johansen's cointegration test was employed to examine the long … versa. Findings – The Johansen cointegration result establishes a long‐run relationship between foreign direct investment …

cointegration method of ARDL approach. The empirical findings of this study are vital for policy makers of China in the formulation …‐2009. Design/methodology/approach – For estimation evidence this study employs the Phillips Perron unit root tests to examine the … level of integration and the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach is employed to determine the long run …

/methodology/approach – This study adopts the autoregressive distributed lag approach to cointegration using time-series data from 1982 to 2012. To …

approach to cointegration is employed on annual time-series data from 1990 to 2010 to test the causal relationship between … insurance and economic growth in Algeria, Gabon, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Morocco, Nigeria and South Africa. The ratio of … for Kenya, Mauritius, Morocco, Nigeria and South Africa. Causality analysis within the vector error correction model …

integration of the variables. The study also used ARDL-bounds testing approach and the unrestricted error-correction model to … investigate co-integration in the long run and short run; Granger’s causality test to investigate the direction of the causality …

. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the authors use ARDL models through the period 1990 – 2020 to investigate the …