Recent studies emphasize the impact of macroeconomic factors on educational attainment. They show that although individual factors like the educational level of one's parents play a decisive role in determining the human capital accumulation of the children, the cohort size as well as the local...

This paper derives the conditions under which fitness-reducing alleles can survive in a long-run stationary equilibrium for a trading population, extending the results in Saint-Paul (2002) for arbitrary systems of sexual reproduction.