The paper re-visits the site of a large, World Bank-financed, rural development program in China, 10 years after it began and four years after disbursements ended. The program emphasized community participation in multi-sectoral interventions (including farming, animal husbandry, infrastructure...

This paper examines the micro and macro correlates of aid project outcomes in a sample of 3,821 World Bank projects and 1,342 Asian Development Bank projects. Project outcomes vary much more within countries than between countries: country-level characteristics explain only 10–25 percent of...

pt. 1. Theoretical contributions -- pt. 2. Local agricultural value chains -- pt. 3. International agricultural value chains -- pt. 4. Value chains in the industrial and services sector -- pt. 5. Conclusions : upgrading value chains in developing countries