We examine the extent to which recent declines in child mortality and fertility in Sub- Saharan Africa can be … difference-in-differences estimation strategy to identify the causal effect of ITNs on mortality and fertility. We show that the … ITN distribution campaigns reduced all-cause child mortality, but surprisingly increased total fertility rates in the …

mechanisms finds a narrowing of gender gaps in parental investments in children, moderation of son-biased fertility stopping, and … shrinking of the gap between actual and desired fertility. Heterogeneity in fertility responses suggests a shift in the …

fertility through two complementary channels. For households at the top of the wealth distribution, the effect manifests as a … reduction in excess fertility, which is more pronounced among lower-educated women due to their lower likelihood of using …