Tropical montane cloud forests are important and unique ecosystems in Costa Rica. However, a large percentage of them have been cleared since the 1950s to make way for agriculture. Cloudbridge Nature Reserve, a privately-owned reforestation project and research station in south-central Costa...

State decentralization is often promoted to improve public service delivery. However, its effects on forest conservation are ambiguous. Decentralization might not only improve local forest governance, but also change the incentives to promote agricultural expansion into forests. This study...