This study applies a frontier benchmarking approach to measure economies of scope between the vertical stages of electricity supply in the U.S. electricity industry. By comparing different frontiers for integrated and separated supply of electricity based on a bootstrapping DEA, two types of...

Most transmission systems in Europe are currently in need of large network expansions, in particular to cope with increasing shares of load remote renewable energy sources. Given that the scope for further cost reductions is largely exhausted, we observe a paradigm shift into the direction of...

A study of the zero-field ac response of a wire network of interconnected 6th-order Sierpiński gaskets as a function of temperature is presented. In a narrow temperature range below the superconducting-to-normal transition thermally nucleated vortices dominate the response. A theoretical model...