framework is model-free and allows for stresses on the output such as (a) the mean and variance, (b) any distortion risk measure … including the Value-at-Risk and Expected-Shortfall, and (c) expected utility type constraints, thus making the reverse … sensitivity analysis framework suitable for risk models. …

In the expected-utility theory of the monetary value of a statistical life, the so-called "dead-anyway" effect … risk increases with the initial level of risk. Their reasoning is based on differences in the marginal utility of wealth …: first, for a risk-averse individual without a bequest motive, marginal WTP for survival does increase with the level of risk …