The purpose of this evaluation specifically relates to the SIGMA Programme implemented in eleven beneficiary countries of the European Neighbourhood Region (ENP) from its inception in the ENP Region in 2008 until mid-2013. This evaluation assesses the SIGMA Programme in the ENP Region in terms...

The evaluation covers the Commission’s co-operation with the Mediterranean Partner Countries (MPC) implemented under the MEDA II Regulation over the period 2000-2006. It includes Commission funds managed by the European Investment Bank (EIB). Geographically it covers the MEDA-8 countries...

The European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument (ENPI) was created as a successor to the cooperation programmes TACIS (for the Eastern European countries) and MEDA (for the Mediterranean countries), with enlarged objectives and an increased budget. It was operational from January 2007, and...

The oil sectors in the North African countries of Algeria, Libya, Egypt and Sudan have witnessed major transformations in the past decade or so. In Algeria, government reforms in the mid 1980s resulted in the entry of a wide range foreign oil companies to an oil sector previously dominated by...

It is hard to imagine in the 21st global wine economy, but until 50 years ago Algeria was the largest exporter of wine in the world - and by a wide margin. Between 1880 and 1930 Algerian wine production grew dramatically. Equally spectacular is the decline of Algerian wine production: today,...

In settlement colonies, the economic systems, infrastructure and development projects of the settlers exclusively served their own needs. The disastrous outcomes of this discrimination became apparent in the post-colonial era particularly as regards education. In Algeria under French rule...