confirms that using openness and imports indexes to proxy for trade yields more robust results compared to the use of export …

. Export vulnerability depends first on the overall level of export exposure, measured as the share of exports in gross … gross domestic product using a gravity model of trade. Furthermore, export vulnerability is computed separately for … commodities and differentiated products. This methodology is applied to six developing countries, one from each World Bank region …

Export boosting is a policy agenda in developed and developing countries. Previous work has found that a small number … sectors. HGXs are located in higher export active regions, neighboring advanced markets. HGXs represent only 0.5% of all firms … highest number of new products, and the concentration of HGXs' main export products decreases over time, thus, the growth is …

Objective: The objective of the article is to examine the export-led growth hypothesis in the Southern African Customs … export-led growth hypothesis is valid in Namibia and South Africa, but not in eSwatini, Botswana, and Lesotho. Implications … empirical evidence on whether data from SACU countries is consistent with the export-led growth hypothesis. …