Examines the unique position of foremen and their dual status before 1947. Studies the historical evolution of the unionization of foremen, employer discrimination against foremen, and their treatment in several different states

1. Introduction : industrial relations and social democratic politics -- 2. Revolutionary ethical socialism in interwar Germany -- 3. Revolutionary socialism in a cold climate 1932-1939 --4. Trade unions under 'planned capitalism' 1939, 1946 -- 5. Democratic socialism in the Cold Wat 1946-1951...