other, and subsequently, all three countries select their import tariffs. We show that PTAs produce both a "peace …-creation " and a " peace-diversion" effect, whereby they reduce the likelihood of confl ict between member countries (peace creation …), but could render the eruption of war between member and non-member countries more likely (peace diversion). This paper is …

Violent conflicts affect the lives and livelihoods of almost one quarter of the world's population. But the effects of … people in supporting peace and stability in their communities in Afghanistan, Colombia, Mexico, and Nepal. The empirical … that young men and women may be able to play in preventing conflicts and sustaining peace in their communities. …